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The ultimate guide about debt collection in Bulgaria

Why you can trust this guide

At Debitura, we uphold the highest standards of impartiality and precision to bring you comprehensive guides on international debt collection. Our editorial team boasts over a decade of specialized experience in this domain.

Questions or feedback? Email us at contact@debitura.com — we update this guide based on your input.

Debitura By the Numbers:

  • 10+ years focused on international debt collection
  • 100+ local attorneys in our partner network
  • $100M+ recovered for clients in the last 18 months
  • 4.97/5 average rating from 600+ client reviews

Expert-led, locally validated

Written by Robin Tam (16 years in global B2B debt recovery). Every page is reviewed by top local attorneys to ensure legal accuracy and practical steps you can use.

Contributing local experts: 


Last updated:
September 26, 2025
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Understanding the Key Participants in Bulgaria's Debt Recovery Landscape

Deciphering the complex structure of debt recovery in Bulgaria involves learning about critical players. Each, from debt collection agencies to bailiffs and attorneys, plays a unique role in the harmonious endeavor of debt recovery within Bulgaria's rigorous legal framework.

Debt Collection Agencies in Bulgaria

In Bulgaria, debt collection agencies play a pivotal role in the amicable phase of debt recovery. They act as mediators between creditors and debtors, striving for settlements through negotiations, thereby enabling faster debt resolution without the need for judicial action. The use of varied communications – such as letters, phone calls, and emails – is a hallmark of their approach, aimed at prompting voluntary payments. These agencies operate under stringent Bulgarian legislation, designed to regulate their actions and ensure the ethical treatment of debtors. This phase is crucial for creditors seeking an efficient and less adversarial means of debt recovery. Nevertheless, there are clear boundaries to their capabilities. When extrajudicial efforts exhaust without yielding payment, the baton passes to legal proceedings for resolution. Thus, debt collection agencies in Bulgaria form an integral yet preliminary step in the broader spectrum of debt collection processes.

Lawyers in Bulgaria

In Bulgaria, the engagement of lawyers is particularly crucial when the debt collection process escalates to legal proceedings. These legal professionals are adept at navigating through the complexities of Bulgaria's judicial system, ensuring that creditors' rights are meticulously represented and upheld. A creditor may need to involve a lawyer as soon as it becomes clear that amicable settlement efforts have failed, and the case requires legal intervention. Lawyers in Bulgaria undertake a myriad of tasks including the preparation and filing of necessary legal documents, representation in court, and advising on the potential legal outcomes. Their in-depth understanding of Bulgarian debt recovery laws, coupled with their experience in judicial proceedings, makes them invaluable allies in the pursuit of debt recovery. Moreover, they aid in securing enforcement orders and assisting in enforcement proceedings, which are fundamental in actual debt collection.

The Role of Bailiffs in Bulgaria

In Bulgaria, the enforcement of debt transits from the judicial realm into the operational hands of bailiffs once the court grants a writ of enforcement. Bailiffs, as judicial enforcement officers, assume a pivotal role in actualizing creditors' rights through real-world actions, such as asset seizures and bank account blocking. For creditors, this phase signifies a mandatory shift to compulsion due to a debtor's non-compliance with the court's orders. Before enlisting a bailiff, creditors need an enforceable title, usually rendered by a court decision which becomes irrevocable if the debtor doesn't contest it within a specified period post-notification.

The repertoire of a bailiff in Bulgaria spans diverse but highly regulated tasks. Upon authorization, bailiffs execute enforcement measures including, but not limited to, the freezing of debtor's funds and initiating the sale of property, all the while adhering to stringent legal guidelines designed to balance enforcement efficacy with the protection of debtor's rights. In essence, the role of bailiffs is critical for creditors navigating the Bulgarian jurisdiction to enforce debt recovery legally and effectively.

Understanding Amicable Debt Collection in Bulgaria

Bulgaria's pre-legal, or amicable, debt collection involves tactful tactics to settle debts sans court interference, often managed by a debt collection agency. This less labyrinthine method is expedited compared to the legal path. We delve into the strategies, stages, and salient considerations of this process herein.

Key Takeaways
  • Amicable vs. Judicial Recovery: Preferable due to efficiency and lower cost, involves negotiation before court action.
  • Collection Agencies Regulation: Transitioning to a licensing system with strict criteria to ensure ethical behavior.
  • Consumer Protection Focus: Laws aim to safeguard debtor's rights, limiting aggressive collection tactics and protecting privacy.
  • Statute of Limitations: General statute of 5 years for public debts, with specific conditions for interruption or suspension.
  • Fees and Interest Rates: Creditors entitled to recover costs, statutory interest rate for late payments set at 10.05% annually.
  • Essential Documents: Contracts, communication records, and evidence of debt crucial for a substantiated claim.
  • Costs of Amicable Recovery: Minimal compared to court proceedings, primarily communication and negotiation efforts.
  • Timeline for Amicable Debt Recovery: Varies based on debtor's response, generally quicker than judicial proceedings.
  • Use of Amicable Recovery: Ideal for maintaining a positive relationship or when court expenses are unjustifiable.
  • Transition to Judicial Recovery: Considered if amicable efforts fail, based on strategic factors like the statute of limitations.

Navigating Amicable Debt Collection in Bulgaria

In Bulgaria, amicable debt collection represents a balanced blend between understanding and assertiveness, focusing on empathy-driven negotiation while keeping the creditor's recovery goals in focus. This harmonious approach is especially effective in fostering continued business relationships and ensuring voluntary compliance by debtors. For claims that are clear-cut and undisputed, initiating with an amicable approach avoids the intricacies and financial burden of court proceedings.

Given the potential complexity of international debt recovery, starting with an amicable approach is advisable unless facing a contested or legally intricate claim.

The Collection Agency's Role in Amicable Debt Recovery in Bulgaria

Agencies specialized in debt recovery, such as Debitura, become indispensable in amicable collection, particularly for creditors who may not possess the necessary knowledge or resources to engage effectively in debt recovery. Debitura leverages a comprehensive strategy beginning with a thorough assessment of the outstanding dues, proceeding to establish communication through courteous reminders or formal notices. Being detached from the emotional dimension of the debt, agencies can offer unbiased, professional mediation that often paves the way to successful recovery.

Advantages of Amicable Debt Resolution

The amicable collection offers tangible benefits for both creditor and debtor. Creditors avoid the sizable expense associated with legal actions and maintain vital business relationships, thanks to the process's intrinsic respectfulness. For debtors, it translates into feasible repayment plans that alleviate financial burdens while promoting goodwill towards the creditor. This methodology underscores understanding and mutual respect, fostering an environment conducive to the settlement of financial obligations.

Transitioning from Amicable to Legal Collection in Bulgaria

Despite the merits of amicable collection, scenarios may emerge where legal intervention becomes unavoidable. Signals that may prompt a shift towards judicial collection include lack of communication, recurrent failure to honor commitments, or intentional avoidance by the debtor. This transition requires deliberate consideration, acknowledging the significant expenses and duration typical of legal proceedings, and is generally viewed as a last resort after amicable avenues have been thoroughly explored.

Amicable Debt Collection Costs in Bulgaria

Debitura offers a transparent and equitable approach to international debt collection in Bulgaria. Our contingency-based fee structure ensures that you only incur costs upon the successful recovery of funds, ranging from 7.5% to 30%. Begin your journey without upfront fees or mandatory subscriptions, and receive a custom quote tailored to your specific situation. Discover more about our pricing.

How it Works

The process with Debitura is streamlined and user-friendly, typically unfolding over 2-3 months for amicable debt recovery in Bulgaria:

  1. Sign Up for Free: Begin without any initiating costs. Create your Debitura account now.
  2. Upload Your Claim: Present your claim, review the contingent success fee, and authorize to commence the process.
  3. Track Progress: Follow the progress of the amicable recovery process in real-time via your dedicated Debitura dashboard.
  4. Consider Legal Action: In the event an amicable resolution is not achieved, we will provide three competitive quotes from local legal professionals, empowering you with the autonomy to determine your next move.

Understanding Debt Recovery Through Insolvency Proceedings in Bulgaria

When faced with a debtor unable to fulfill financial responsibilities on time, traditional recovery methods like asset seizure are often ineffective. Here, insolvency proceedings step in as an essential solution. These structured legal procedures aim for a systematic liquidation of the debtor's assets, providing the final opportunity to retreive any possible compensation for unsettled claims.

Key Takeaways
  • Initial Costs Assessment: Costs of proceedings must be deemed coverable for insolvency to start.
  • Priority Creditors: Include labor claims and real guarantees, followed by tax and special privilege credits.
  • Claim Lodging Deadline: Claims must be lodged within 1 to 3 months from proceedings start.
  • Proceedings Duration: Insolvency proceedings can last between seven to ten years.
  • Documents Required: Notarised power of attorney, invoices, and sales contracts among others.

Insolvency Proceedings Guide for Bulgaria: A Closer Look at Key Components

In Bulgaria, insolvency proceedings chart a course for remedying situations where debtors find it impossible to fulfill their fiscal commitments. Governed by the comprehensive legislative environment of the Insolvency Act, these procedures are meticulously designed to either restructure the debtor's financial standing or liquidate assets to satisfy creditor demands. Embarking on insolvency may be a voluntary action by the debtor aiming to responsibly manage debts or, alternatively, initiated by creditors to recover owed amounts. Critical to beginning this journey is the demonstration of prolonged financial distress, typically evidenced by the debtor's persistent failure to meet monetary obligations.

The Prioritization and Rights of Creditors in Bulgarian Insolvency Framework

In the landscape of Bulgarian insolvency, understanding the hierarchy and categorization of creditor claims is pivotal. The spectrum ranges from secured claims, safeguarded by collateral, to unsecured claims, which lack any form of security. For creditors, identifying the nature of their claim is essential as it directly influences their potential for recovery. To safeguard their interests, creditors must proactively register their claims within designated deadlines and consider participation in activities like creditor committees. Such engagement not only elevates the likelihood of achieving favorable outcomes but also steers the direction of reorganization plans effectively.

Financial and Temporal Considerations of Insolvency in Bulgaria

Insolvency proceedings in Bulgaria embody a complex web of financial and temporal investments. Costs incurred span court fees, administrative charges, and potentially, expenditures on legal counsel – all of which are deducted from the debtor's estate prior to any disbursement to creditors. The timeline of these proceedings varies immensely, shaped by the intricacy of the debtor’s financial scenario, the breadth of creditor claims, and the emergence of any legal intricacies. Creditors embarking on this pathway must brace for a potentially prolonged process, recalibrating expectations regarding the swiftness of debt recovery correspondingly.

Find a Local Debt Collection Lawyer

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Ivanov and Yonkova Law Firm
40 Knyaz Boris I Str., Sofia, 1463, Bulgaria
Ivanov and Yonkova Law Firm

Ivanov and Yonkova Law Firm is a premier law firm in Sofia offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, positioning itself as the go-to partner for debt recovery since 2019, with a reputation bolstered by industry accolades and professional memberships.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
2
2019
Law firm
lawyer Yuliya Danova
Varna, Dobrotica 3, floor 2
lawyer Yuliya Danova

Lawyer Yuliya Danova is a premier law firm in Varna offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, established in 2009 and renowned for its expertise, affordability, and membership in prestigious legal organizations.

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Lawsuits
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Debt enforcement
5
2009
Law firm
Ivanchov & Partners Law Firm
36 B, Patriarch Evtimii Blvd., Sofia 1000, Bulgaria
Ivanchov & Partners Law Firm

Ivanchov & Partners Law Firm is a premier law firm in Sofia offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, positioning itself as the go-to partner for debt recovery with a foundation in 2016 and recognition as a "Zlatna Firma" laureate.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
3
2016
Law firm
Liliana Bakayoko
28 Diado Yotso Str., Simeonovo, Sofia 1434, Bulgaria
Liliana Bakayoko

Liliana Bakayoko is a premier law firm in Paris offering effective Debt Collection services in France, renowned as the go-to partner for debt recovery with accolades like Business Lawyer of the Year 2024 and memberships in AEA and Global Law Experts.

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Lawsuits
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Debt enforcement
1
2010
Law firm
Dichko Yanev Law Firm
16, Aleksandrovska Str., Floor 5, office 29, Burgas, Postcode 8000, Bulgaria
Dichko Yanev Law Firm

Dichko Yanev Law Firm is a premier law firm in Burgas offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, established in 2013 and recognized by the Burgas Bar Association, making it the go-to partner for debt recovery.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
1
2013
Law firm
Benov and Vasilev Attorneys at Law
38 Lavele str., fl. 2, office 5 Sofia 1000, Bulgaria
Benov and Vasilev Attorneys at Law

Benov and Vasilev Attorneys at Law is a premier law firm in Sofia offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, positioning the firm as the go-to partner for debt recovery with a foundation in 2017 and membership in the e-Residency ecosystem.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
5
2017
Law firm
Ilieva, Voutcheva & Co
28 Hristo Botev
Ilieva, Voutcheva & Co

Ilieva, Voutcheva & Co is a premier law firm in Sofia offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, recognized by Legal500 and ITR World Tax, with Globalaw and Sofia Bar Association memberships, and established in 2003 for trusted debt recovery solutions.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
8
2003
Law firm
Novel Law - Kolcheva, Koev Law Firm
4, Kuzman Shapkarev street, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria
Novel Law - Kolcheva, Koev Law Firm

Novel Law - Kolcheva, Koev Law Firm is a premier law firm in Sofia offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, established in 1994, ISO 9001:2008 certified, recognized by Media Law International, and a member of the Sofia and International Bar Associations.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
9
1994
Law firm
Dobrev & Lyutskanov Law FIrm
25 Khan Kroum Str., Sofia, ZIP 1000, Bulgaria
Dobrev & Lyutskanov Law FIrm

Dobrev & Lyutskanov Law Firm is a premier law firm in Sofia offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, renowned as a trusted partner in debt recovery since 1989, with accolades from Corporate Intl, Chambers & Partners, and memberships in key international chambers.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
12
1989
Law firm
Rositsa Kebedjieva, Attorney-at-law
Sofia, Bulgaria, 11 Dimitar Hadzikotsev Street
Rositsa Kebedjieva, Attorney-at-law

Rositsa Kebedjieva is a premier law firm in Burgas offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, positioning itself as the go-to partner for debt recovery with over a decade of experience, founded in 2023, and memberships in key legal associations.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
2
2023
Law firm
Borislavova & Ivanov Law Firm
17A Vrabcha Street, 1st floor, 3rd office Sofia, Bulgaria
Borislavova & Ivanov Law Firm

Borislavova & Ivanov Law Firm is a premier law firm in Sofia offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, recognized for excellence with awards like the Zlatna Firma and Orli Pravo, and memberships in the Sofia Bar Association and Supreme Bar Council, since 2019.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
7
2019
Law firm
New Balkans Law Office
19B Patriarch Evtimiy Blvd Sofia, Bulgaria
New Balkans Law Office

New Balkans Law Office is a premier law firm in Sofia offering effective Debt Collection services in Bulgaria, positioning itself as the go-to partner for debt recovery with international experience, founded in 2006, and offices in Sofia and London.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
15
2006
Law firm
Collect center
15 Tvardishki prohod str Sofia, Bulgaria
Collect center

Collect Center is a premier debt recovery agency in Bulgaria offering effective risk-free Debt Collection services, positioning itself as the go-to partner for debt recovery since 2019 with a success-fee model, EU-wide operations, and exclusive Debitura partnership, adhering to No Cure No Pay terms.

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Lawsuits
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Legal collection
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Debt enforcement
10
2019
Debt collection agency